Identification Information
Citation:
 Originator: Kentucky Geological Survey
 Publication Date: 1997
 Title: Digital Geology of the Hazard 30x 45 Quadrangle, Kentucky

Series Information:
 Series Name: Geologic Quadrangle Map
 Issue Identification:

Publication Information:
 Principal Investigator: Warren H. Anderson
 Digital Compilers:  Lance G. Morris, Geologist II
       Thomas N. Sparks, Geologist II
       Mike Murphy, GIS Technician
       Drew Andrews, Geologist I
       Steve Cordiviola, Section Head, Computer Services
 Publisher: Kentucky Geological Survey
 Publication Place: Lexington, Ky.

Description: Geology of the Hazard 30x 45 Quadrangle, Kentucky
 Abstract:
Digital mapping data files at the Kentucky Geological Survey are records
of published geologic quadrangle map information for the state of
Kentucky. This data set is derived from a series of 7.5-minute quadrangle
maps, coal resource and coal availability maps (1:24,000 scale) and
contains coordinate locations of the quadrangle, and information on
geologic contacts, coal beds, structure contours, faulting, and
paleontological sites.  Additional geologic or cartographic data was added,
when necessary to complete the digital version of a geologic map.  The
data are composed of polygons, arcs, and point data, and are searchable
by feature classes. The data have been vectorized and can be
manipulated using various GIS techniques. Accessory data such as
DEM's, DRG's, DOQQ's, and point data associated with the water, coal,
mineral, and oil and gas databases will be available through links to the
main KGS databases. The digital geologic maps were generated at a
scale of 1:24,000, combined at a scale of 1:100,000, and produced and
distributed by the Kentucky Geological Survey.
 Purpose:
These data provide users with a basic geologic framework of earth
science information concerning geology, geologic contacts, coal beds,
formational contacts, structure contours, faults, paleontological sites, and
drill-hole data. This project was initiated in 1996 as part of the U.S.
Geological Survey's STATEMAP program to convert published geologic
quadrangle maps into digital format. The goal of the digital mapping
program is to establish a mapping database that links the graphic data
with their geologic components. STATEMAP mandates the collection of
five major types of data: geologic, geochemical, geophysical,
geochronological, and paleontological. Of the five components, geologic
data has the most subcategories. Examples of subcategories include
quadrangle, lithology, formation, faults, fossils, minerals, engineering,
environmental properties, imagery, and drill holes, and it will be possible
to search by them. In addition to the new mapping database, the dynamic
links with the principal KGS databases of information on petroleum, coal,
water, and minerals are being maintained. This will allow custom digital
geologic maps to be produced, to which optional value-added data such
as oil and gas wells, coal data, water data, and minerals data can be
added.

Time Period of Content:
 Single Date/Time
  Calendar Date: 1997
 Currentness Reference: Publication date

Status:
 Progress: complete
 Maintenance and Update Frequency: irregular

Spatial Domain:
 Bounding Coordinates: longitude, latitude
  West Bounding Coordinate: -83.75
  East Bounding Coordinate: -83.00
  North Bounding Coordinate: 37.50
  South Bounding Coordinate: 37.00

Keywords:
 Theme:
  Theme Keyword Thesaurus: none
  Theme Keyword: geology
  Theme Keyword: coal outcrops
  Theme Keyword: structure
  Theme Keyword: formations
  Theme Keyword: coal field
  Theme Keyword: diamond drill hole

Place:
 Place Keyword Thesaurus: none
 Place Keyword: eastern Kentucky
 Place Keyword: Hazard 30 x 60 quadrangle

Access Constraints: none

Use Restrictions:
Acknowledgment of the Kentucky Geological Survey would be expected in
products derived from these data sets.

Point of Contact:

Contact Organization Primary
 Contact Organization: Kentucky Geological Survey
 Contact Position: Head, Geologic Mapping and Hydrocarbon Resources
Section
     Principal Investigator, Digital Geologic Mapping Program
 Contact Address
  Address Type: mailing and physical address
  Address: 228 Mining and Mineral Resources Building, University of
Kentucky
  City: Lexington
  State or Province: KY
  Postal Code: 40506-0107
 Contact Voice Telephone: 606/257-5500

Native Data Set Environment: ARC/INFO software, version 7.3, running under
Digital Equipment Corp. OSF (UNIX) operating system

Data Quality Information
Attribute Accuracy:
 Attribute Accuracy Report: Attribute accuracy is tested by manually
comparing the source with hard copy printouts and/or symbolized display of
the digital geologic data on an interactive computer graphic system; selected
attributes that cannot be visually verified on plots or on screen are
interactively queried and verified on screen. In addition, attributes are tested
against a master set of valid attributes for the geologic formation category. Al
geologic formation attribute data conform to the attribute codes in the
American Association of Petroleum Geologists' Standard Stratigraphic Code.
 Logical Consistency Report: ARC/INFO chain-node topology present.
Polygons intersecting the neat line are closed along the border.
 Completeness Report: Data completeness reflects the content of the source
graphic. Features may have been eliminated or generalized on the source
graphic because of scale and legibility constraints.

Positional Accuracy:
 Horizontal Positional Accuracy:
  Horizontal Positional Accuracy Report: Accuracy of the digital data (if not
digitally revised) is based upon the accuracy of the source maps, which
were compiled to meet National Map Accuracy Standards (NMAS). NMAS
horizontal accuracy requires that at least 90 percent of points tested be
within 0.02 in. of the true position. Comparison to the graphic source is
used as a control to assess digital positional accuracy. The digital data
are estimated to contain a horizontal positional error of less than or equal
to 0.003 in., which is the standard error in the two component directions
relative to the source graphic. Cartographic offsets may be present on the
graphic source, because of scale and legibility constraints. Digital map
elements require edge alignment between data sets. Data along each
quadrangle edge are tested against the data set for the adjacent
quadrangle and, if necessary, are adjusted by moving the feature an
equal distance in both data sets.

Lineage:
 1. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: A.R. Taylor, U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of the Barcreek Quadrangle, Clay County,
Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1485
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 2. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Lewis, Sr., Richard Q., and Hansen, Dan E., U.S.
   Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of the Big Creek Quadrangle, Southeastern
Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1477
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 3. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Weir, Gordon W., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of  the Booneville Quadrangle, Owsley and Lee
Counties, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1479
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 4. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Danilchik, W., and Lewis, R.Q., Sr., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of the Buckhorn Quadrangle, Southeastern
Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1449
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 5. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Hinricks, E.N., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978a
   Title: Geologic Map of the Canoe Quadrangle, Breathitt and Perry
Counties, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978a
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1476
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 6. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Seiders, V.M., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1965
   Title: Geologic Map of the Carrie Quadrangle, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1965
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-422
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 7. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Outerbridge, W.F., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of the Cowcreek Quadrangle, Owsley and Breathitt
Counties, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1448
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 8. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Bryant, Bruce, U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of the Creekville Quadrangle, Clay and Leslie
Counties, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1464
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 9. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Ping, R.G., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1977
   Title: Geologic Map of the Cutshin Quadrangle,  Leslie County,
Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1977
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1424
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 10. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Mixon, R.B., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1965
   Title: Geologic Map of the Haddix Quadrangle, Eastern Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1965
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-447
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 11. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Seiders, V.M., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1964
   Title: Geologic Map of the Hazard North Quadrangle, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1964
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-344
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 12. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Puffet, Willard P., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1964
   Title: Geologic Map of the Hazard South Quadrangle, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1964
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-343
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 13. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Taylor, Alfred R., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of the Hoskinston Quadrangle, Leslie County,
Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1456
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

14. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Prostka, Harold J., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1965
   Title: Geologic Map of the Hyden East Quadrangle, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1965
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-423
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 15. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Lewis Sr., Richard Q., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of the Hyden West Quadrangle,Leslie and Perry
Counties, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1468
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 16. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Mixon, R.B., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1965
   Title: Geologic Map of the Krypton Quadrangle, Eastern Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1965
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-389
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 17. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Prostka, Harold, J. and Seiders, Victor N., U.S. Geological
   Survey
   Publication Date: 1968
   Title: Geologic Map of the Leatherwood Quadrangle, Southeastern
Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1968
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-723
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 18. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Volckmann, R.P., and Leo, G.W., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of the Mistletoe Quadrangle, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1474
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 19. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Hinricks, E.N., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978b
   Title: Geologic Map of the Noble Quadrangle, Eastern Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978b
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1476
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 20. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Ping, R.G., and Sergeant, R.E., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of the Ogle Quadrangle, Clay and Knox Counties,
Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1484
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 21. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Rice, C.L., and Lee, K.Y., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of the Oneida Quadrangle, Clay and Owsley
Counties, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1470
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 22. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Puffet, Willard P., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1965
   Title: Geologic Map of the Tilford Quadrangle, Southeastern Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1965
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-451
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 23. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Danilichik, W., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1978
   Title: Geologic Map of the Vest Quadrangle, Eastern Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1978
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-1441
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

 24. Source Information:
  Source Citation
   Originator: Puffett, Willard P., U.S. Geological Survey
   Publication Date: 1965
   Title: Geologic Map of the Vicco Quadrangle, Kentucky
   Geospatial Data Presentation Form: map
   Publication Information:
   Publication Place: Reston, Va.
   Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
    Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
    Type of Source Media: stable base material
   Source Time Period of Content:
  Single Date/Time
   Calendar Date: 1965
    Source Currentness Reference: publication date
   Source Citation Abbreviation: GQ-418
   Source Contribution: Source map from which stable base was created
and used for digitizing

25. Source Information:
 Source Citation
  Originator: Brant, R.A., Kentucky Geological Survey
  Publication Date: 1983
  Title: Coal Resources of the Hazard District
  Geospatial Data Presentation Form: Quadrangle Coal Bed Work Maps
 Publication Information:
  Publication Place: Lexington, Ky.
  Publisher: University of Kentucky Institute for Mining and Minerals
Research
   Source Scale Denominator: 24,000
   Type of Source Media: stable base
  Source Time Period of Content:
 Single Date/Time
  Calendar Date:1983
   Source Currentness Reference: publication date
  Source Citation Abbreviation:
  Source Contribution: Source map for coal outcrop data

26. Source Information:
 Source Citation
  Originator: Weisenfluh, G.A., Andrews, R.E., Hiett, J.K., Greb, S.F.,
Sergeant, R.E., Chesnut, D.R., Jr., Kentucky Geological Survey
  Publication Date: 1992
  Title: Coal Resources of the Booneville 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Owsley
County, Kentucky
  Geospatial Data Presentation Form: Information Circular
  Publication Information
  Publication Place: Lexington, Ky.
  Publisher: Kentucky Geological Survey
   Source Scale Denominator:
   Type of Source Media:
  Source Time Period of Content:
 Single Date/Time
  Calendar Date: 1992
   Source Currentness Reference: publication date
    Source Citation Abbreviation: IC 42, ser. 11
 Source Contribution: Source for coal outcrop data

27.  Source Information:
 Source Citation
  Originator: Davidson, O.B., Anderson, W.H., Chestnut, D.R., Jr., Smath,
R.A., Hiett, J.K., Kentucky Geological Survey
  Publication Date: 1990
  Title: Final report of the Hoskinston Quadrangle coal availability study.
  Geospatial Data Presentation Form: Open File Report
  Publication Information
  Publication Place: Lexington, Ky.
  Publisher: Kentucky Geological Survey
   Source Scale Denominator:
   Type of Source Media:
  Source Time Period of Content:
 Single Date/Time
  Calendar Date:
   Source Currentness Reference: 1990
    Source Citation Abbreviation: Ser XI, Open File Report OF-90-02
 Source Contribution: Source for coal outcrop data

28. Source Information:
 Source Citation
  Originator: Sergeant, R.E., Cobb, J.C., Davidson, O.B., Anderson, W.H.,
Stickney, J.F., Chestnut, D.R., Jr., Smath, R.A., Hiett, J.K., Perry, D.B.,
and Gauthier, M.A., Kentucky Geological Survey
  Publication Date: 1988
  Title: Final report of the Noble Quadrangle coal availability study
  Geospatial Data Presentation Form: Information Circular
  Publication Information
  Publication Place: Lexington, Ky.
  Publisher: Kentucky Geological Survey
   Source Scale Denominator:
   Type of Source Media:
  Source Time Period of Content:
 Single Date/Time
  Calendar Date: 1988
   Source Currentness Reference: publication date
    Source Citation Abbreviation: grant 14-08-0001-A0564, U.S.
    Geological Survey, 43 p.
 Source Contribution: Source for coal outcrop data

Process Step:
 Process Description:
  Overview:
As mandated by STATEMAP, the Kentucky Geological Survey collects
digital information on geologic contacts, major coal beds, structure
contours, faults, paleontological sites, and point data (outcrop or other
features). The project used two 160-megahertz Pentium PC's, one
Digital Equipment Corporation Alpha station 200, a Hewlett Packard
650-C color plotter, and an Intergraph Eagle 3640 black and white
scanner. One Pentium PC was used to drive the scanner and capture
the raster image, and the Alpha station was used for vectorization and
map compilation. Digital geology (alluvium) data were manually
digitized from stable-base copies of the 1:24,000-scale geologic
quadrangle maps registered to the standard U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS) 7.5-minute quadrangles; the digitzed data were stored in
topologically correct data files using ARC/INFO and AutoCAD
software. Manual digitizing used a digitizing table to capture the digital
data at a resolution of at least 0.005 in.; the data were attributed as
they were digitized. The data were checked for position by comparing
plots of the digital data to the source material.

Procedure:
A multi-step process for digital conversion of geologic maps was developed
to obtain accurate and reliable data. ARC/INFO 7.0.3 was used to capture
vector files from raster images.
 Mylar Preparation:
Published geologic maps were converted into digital vector data with a
process using a stable-base composite (Mylar) of the geologic data. The
composite was photoenhanced to create a film positive that contained all
geologic data but eliminated the topographic contours.

Scan Parameters:
Scanner accuracy presented unique problems for the conversion process.
The scanner used Ascan 1.0, an Intergraph product, to obtain a raster
image. Problems included medium stretch during scanning of a Mylar
map, the scanner's roller control, and the scanner's camera alignment and
calibration. These three problems were controlled by calibration and
recalibration, as necessary, according to the manufacturer's specifications
to maintain high standards for accuracy. The scanner software permitted
scanning parameters to be adjusted for each scan to obtain best results.
Contrast control was adjusted for each quadrangle to obtain high-contrast
raster images. Speckle removal was not used because it removed some
important data. A resolution of 400 to 600 dots per inch gave the best
results, avoiding line coalescence and still resolving very thin lines that
might not be totally captured at lower resolutions.

 Registration and Rectification:
After the Mylar map was scanned and saved as a raster image (TIFF), the
image was then registered, using the ARC/INFO
to a blank vector coverage created from the four known corner
coordinates of the original Mylar map. These four points were expressed
in either digitizer inches or real world coordinates. The registered corner
points served as the georeferenced links between the original raster
image and the vector coverage. Rectification, using the ARC/INFO

created a finer alignment between the TIFF image and the vector
coverage

 Image to Grid:
The new rectified TIFF image was converted into an ARC/INFO grid that
precisely overlaid the blank vector coverage. This grid was used as a
raster background during vectorization. Some Quaternary deposits were
manually digitized in AutoCAD 13.0 because of problems with stream and
Quaternary boundaries encountered during scanning. Corner coordinates
were also created as tic marks in AutoCAD and imported in DXF format
into ARC/INFO.

 Semi-automated Vectorization:
Once the registered and rectified raster image was ready, the data were
entered into ArcScan (an ARC/INFO product). This is a semi-automated,
operator-assisted and controlled method for rapid vectorization of raster
data. The vector arrow traced the raster image line until it intersected
another line and then prompted the operator for directions on where to
proceed. After the quadrangle was vectorized, polygons, arcs, and points
were built in ARC/INFO to create topology. This established the coverage
and attribute tables, which were used for later analysis. The information in
these coverages is made up of three ARC/INFO feature classes:
(polygons are created from the arc feature classes).

  Arcs and Polygons = Geologic contacts, coal outcrops, formational
boundaries, structure contours, and faults
  Points = Selected outcrops, well locations, fossil locations

The attributes for the arcs and points are located inside the subfiles with
the .aat and .pat extensions under the formation name (FMNAME),
formation code (FMCODE), geologic quadrangle number (GQNUM), and
Hazard 1:100,000 code (HZCODE) fields. Examples of the .aat subfile
and polygon attributes are found in the .pat subfile under the field (item)
codes.


FMNAME
FMCODE
GQNUM
HZ_FMCODE

fc
324FRCL
1488
324FRCL

am
324AMBG
1488
324AMBG


 Edge Matching and Map Joining:
Once several quadrangles were vectorized, their boundaries were
compared with adjacent boundaries. Geologic features were connected
and a seamless boundary was created, using the
Maintaining geologic integrity and cartographic smoothness is important,
because most boundaries are not perfectly aligned. The 1:100,000-scale
digital geologic coverages were created by joining the 1:24,000-scale
coverages into a seamless unit and then creating polygon, arc, and point
topology for the new coverages in ARC/INFO.

 Final Map Product:
The STATEMAP program produces digital 1:24,000-scale maps. These
maps were also compiled into a 1:100,000-scale product, and the legend,
scale, and titles were added in the layout windows of ArcView GIS 3.0.
The 1:100,000- scale digital geologic map also includes a stratigraphic
column and topographic base.

Commercial Products Used:
ARC/INFO and ArcView are registered trademarks of the Environmental
Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI), 380 New York Street, Redlands, CA.
ArcScan is a service mark of ESRI.
AutoCAD is a registered trademark of AutoCAD.
Alpha Station 2100 is a product of Digital Equipment Corp.
HP 650-C is a product of the Hewlett-Packard Corporation.
Eagle Scanner and Ascan 1.0 are products of Anatech, a division of the
Intergraph Corp.

Process Date: 1997


Spatial Data Organization Information:

Direct Spatial Reference Method: vector

Point and Vector Object Information:
 Coverage name: haz100F
  Coverage description: geologic formation polygon data
   SDTS Terms Description:
   SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: Point
   Point and Vector Object Count: 2079
  SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: String
   Point and Vector Object Count: 11,117
   SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: GT-polygon composed of chains
  Point and Vector Object Count: 2079

 Coverage name: haz100c
  Coverage description: geologic coal arc data
   SDTS Terms Description:
   SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: point
   Point and Vector Object Count: 0
  SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: String
   Point and Vector Object Count: 4673
   SDTS Point and Vector Object Type:
   Point and Vector Object Count: 0

 Coverage name: haz100q
  Coverage description: alluvium polygon data
   SDTS Terms Description:
   SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: point
   Point and Vector Object Count: 1217
  SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: string
   Point and Vector Object Count: 1615
   SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: GT-polygon composed of chains
   Point and Vector Object Count: 1217

 Coverage name: hazstr4
  Coverage description: geologic structure arc data
   SDTS Terms Description:
   SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: point
   Point and Vector Object Count: 0
  SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: string
   Point and Vector Object Count:  482
   SDTS Point and Vector Object Type:
   Point and Vector Object Count: 0

Coverage name: haz100p
  Coverage description: geologic point data
   SDTS Terms Description:
   SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: point
   Point and Vector Object Count: 2471
  SDTS Point and Vector Object Type: string
   Point and Vector Object Count:  0
   SDTS Point and Vector Object Type:
   Point and Vector Object Count: 0

Spatial Reference Information

Horizontal Coordinate System Definition
 Horizontal Coordinate System: grid
 Grid Coordinate System Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
  UTM Zone Number: 17
 Transverse Mercator
  Scale Factor at Central Meridian: 0.9996
  Longitude of Central Meridian: -81.0
  Latitude of Projection Origin: 0.0
  False Easting: 0.0
  False Northing: 0.0
 Planar Coordinate Information
 Planar Coordinate Encoding Method: coordinate pair
 Coordinate Representation
  Abscissa Resolution: 0.61
  Ordinate Resolution: 0.61
  Planar Distance Units: meters
Geodetic Model
 Horizontal Datum Name: North American datum of 1927
 Ellipsoid Name: CLARKE1866

Entity Attribute Information

Detailed Description

Entity Type
 Entity Type Label: geologic contact
 Entity Type Definition: geologic contacts represent the surficial transitional
boundaries between adjacent geologic formations. A single geologic
formation is present on the surface within a single geologic contact or
between adjacent geologic contacts.

Attribute
 Attribute Label: FMNAME
 Attribute Definition: contact line name, as given on the source map
 Attribute Definition Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.
 Chesnut, D.R., Jr., 1992, Stratigraphic and structural framework of the central
Appalachian Basin in Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. 3, Bulletin
3, 42 p.

Attribute Domain Values
 Code Set Domain
  Code Set Name: AAPG Standard Stratigraphic Code
  Code Set Source: Cohee, G.V., chairman, 1967, Standard stratigraphic
code adopted by American Association of Petroleum Geologists:
American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 51, no. 10, p.
21462151. Modified by the Kentucky Geological Survey for state-specific
use.

Attribute
 Attribute Label: FMCODE
 Attribute Definition: Contact line code
 Attribute Definition Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.
 Chesnut, D.R., Jr., 1992, Stratigraphic and structural framework of the central
Appalachian Basin in Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. 11, Bulletin
3, 42 p.

Attribute Domain Values
 Code Set Domain
  Code Set Name: AAPG Standard Stratigraphic Code
  Code Set Source: Cohee, G.V., chairman, 1967, Standard stratigraphic
code adopted by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists:
American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 51, no. 10, p.
21462151. Modified by the Kentucky Geological Survey for state-specific
use.

Entity Type
 Entity Type Label: surficial geology
 Entity Type Definition: a single geologic formation present on the surface
within a single geologic contact or between adjacent geologic contacts

Attribute
 Attribute Label: HZ_NAME
 Attribute Definition: geologic formation name
 Attribute Definition Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.
 Chesnut, D.R., Jr., 1992, Stratigraphic and structural framework of the central
Appalachian Basin in Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. 11, Bulletin
3, 42 p.

Attribute Domain Values
 Code Set Domain
  Code Set Name: AAPG Standard Stratigraphic Code
  Code Set Source: Cohee, G.V., chairman, 1967, Standard stratigraphic
code adopted by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists:
American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 51, no. 10, p.
21462151. Modified by the Kentucky Geological Survey for state-specific
use.

Entity Type
 Entity Type Label: coal outcrop
 Entity Type Definition: the outcrop of a coal bed

Attribute
 Attribute Label: FMNAME
 Attribute Definition: abbreviated coal bed name
 Attribute Definition Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.

Attribute Domain Values
 Code Set Domain
  Code Set Name: AAPG Standard Stratigraphic Code
  Code Set Source: Cohee, G.V., chairman, 1967, Standard stratigraphic
code adopted by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists:
American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 51, no. 10, p.
21462151. Modified by the Kentucky Geological Survey for state-specific
use.

Attribute
 Attribute Label: FMCODE
 Attribute Definition: coal bed code
 Attribute Definition Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.

Attribute Domain Values
 Code Set Domain
 Code Set Name: AAPG Standard Stratigraphic Code
 Code Set Source: Cohee, G.V., chairman, 1967, Standard stratigraphic code
adopted by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists: American
Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 51, no. 10, p. 21462151.
Modified by the Kentucky Geological Survey for state-specific use.

Entity Type
 Entity Type Label: structure contour
 Entity Type Definition: contour line representing constant elevation of base
formation

Attribute
 Attribute Label: FMNAME
 Attribute Definition: abbreviated base formation name and elevation
 Attribute Definition Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.

Attribute Domain Values
 Code Set Domain
 Code Set Name: AAPG Standard Stratigraphic Code
 Code Set Source: Cohee, G.V., chairman, 1967, Standard stratigraphic code
adopted by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists: American
Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 51, no. 10, p. 21462151.
Modified by the Kentucky Geological Survey for state-specific use.

Entity Type
 Entity Type Label: coal prospect
 Entity Type Definition: point location of coal prospect

Attribute
 Attribute Label: FMNAME
 Attribute Definition: abbreviated coal bed name
 Attribute Definition Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.

Attribute Domain Values
 Code Set Domain
 Code Set Name: coal.lut (lookup table)
 Code Set Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.

Attribute
 Attribute Label: FMCODE
 Attribute Definition: code of overlying formation
 Attribute Definition Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.
 Chesnut, D.R., Jr., 1992, Stratigraphic and structural framework of the central
Appalachian Basin in Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. 11, Bulletin
3, 42 p.

Attribute Domain Values
 Code Set Domain
 Code Set Name: AAPG Standard Stratigraphic Code
 Code Set Source: Cohee, G.V., chairman, 1967, Standard stratigraphic code
adopted by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists: American
Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 51, no. 10, p. 2146
2151.Modified by the Kentucky Geological Survey for state-specific use.

Entity Type
 Entity Type Label: paleontological sites
 Entity Type Definition: selected locations of marine fossil-bearing strata

Attribute
 Attribute Label: FMNAME
 Attribute Definition: fossil designation
 Attribute Definition Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.

Entity Type
Entity Type Label: faults
Entity Type Definition: fault line

Attribute
 Attribute Label: FMNAME
 Attribute Definition: fault designation
 Attribute Definition Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.

Entity Type
 Entity Type Label: diamond drill holes
 Entity Type Definition: drill hole location

Attribute
 Attribute Label: DDH
 Attribute Definition: DDH designation
 Attribute Definition Source: see source information data Nos 1-24.

Distribution Information
Distributor
 Contact Organization Primary
  Contact Organization: Earth Science Information Center, Kentucky
Geological Survey
 Contact Address
  Address Type: mailing and physical address
  Address: 228 Mining and Mineral Resources Building, University of
Kentucky
  City: Lexington
  State or Province: KY
  Postal Code: 40506-0107
 Contact Voice Telephone: 606/257-5500

Distribution Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on
computer system at the Kentucky Geological Survey (KGS), no warranty,
expressed or implied, is made by the KGS regarding the utility of the data on an
other system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. KG
will warrant the delivery of this product in computer-readable format, and will
offer appropriate adjustment of credit when the product is determined
unreadable by correctly adjusted computer input peripheral devices, or when the
physical medium is delivered in damaged condition. Requests for adjustment of
credit must be made within 90 days from the date of shipment from the ordering
site.

Standard Order Process
 Digital Form
  Digital Transfer Information
   Format Name: ARC/INFO
    Format Version Number: none
    Format Specification: export
  Digital Transfer Options
   Online Option
    Computer Contact Information
     Network Address
      Network Resource Name: ftp://128.163.49/14/pub/water/
   Access Instructions: Anyone with access to the Internet may connect
to KGS's server via anonymous ftp and download available KGS digital
geologic data in ARC/INFO export format. Indices for KGS hard-copy
maps and digital data are also available. Digital geologic data in a
variety of other formats (MOSS export, GRASS vector, DXF, and
others) are available on request. To access: ftp to the KGS server, log
in as anonymous, enter e-mail address at the password prompt,
change to the pub/water directory to access data (cd pub/water). Use
the ftp
   Online Computer and Operating System: Sun Model 690MP Unix
server. Sun OS 4.X operating system.
  Offline Option
   Offline Media: 8-mm, 3.5in. floppy disk
   Recording Capacity
    Recording Density: 1.44
    Recording Density Units: megabytes
   Recording Format: tar (compression utility)

  Fees: Digital FormContact GIS coordinator for available scales, fees
and deliverables.

  Ordering Instructions: UTM coordinates are standard, but data may also
be ordered in latitude/longitude or State Plane Coordinate System
coordinates.

Metadata Reference Section
Metadata Date: 19970203
 Metadata Contact
Contact_Information
  Contact Primary Person: GIS Coordinator
  Contact Organization: Kentucky Geological Survey
  Contact Address
   Address Type: mailing and physical address
   Address: 228 Mining and Mineral Resources Building, University of
Kentucky
   City: Lexington
   State or Province: KY
   Postal Code: 40506-0107
  Contact Voice Telephone: 606/257-5500
  Contact Electronic Mail: giscoord@fido.mm.uky.edu

Metadata Standard Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial
Metadata

Metadata Standard Version: 19940608
